Fig 1: Role of SPD-FSAP in the overexpression of TLR4 induced by histones. (A,B) Permeability induced by histones was decreased significantly by antibodies against both TLR2 and TLR4. (C) Quantitative RT-PCR showed that TLR2 mRNA expression was strongly increased by histones. WT–SPD–FSAP abolished this effect, while MI–SPD–FSAP did not. (D) TLR2 mRNA expression was not influenced by histones and/or WT–SPD–FSAP. Data are presented as mean ± SEM; n = 3, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. N represents 3 independent experiments, with 3 replicates in each experiment.