Fig 1: S-acylation of ZAP-70 is required for T cell activation.A, IL-2 production by P116 (ZAP-70 -/-) Jurkat T cells stably rescued with WT or acylation-deficient C564R ZAP-70. IL-2 concentrations were measured by ELISA in supernatants from resting cells or cells stimulated for 24 h with plate-bound anti-CD3 antibody. Data shown are representative of three independent biological repeats and represented as mean ± SEM. B and C, Expression of CD25 and CD69 T cell surface activation markers by P116 stably rescued with WT or C564R ZAP-70. Cells were stimulated for 24 h with plate-bound anti-CD3 antibody and analyzed by flow cytometry. D and E, Quantification of CD25 and CD69 expression measured by flow cytometry. Data shown are pooled from three independent biological repeats and represented as mean ± SEM.
Fig 2: Effect of IPA on the Th17/Treg cell balance in CIA rats. (A) Representative flow cytometry data for the T-cell subsets gated on the CD4+ T cells from the spleens. Representative flow cytometry data for the T-cell subsets gated on the CD25+ T cells from the spleens. (B) The proportion of CD4+ IL17A+ T cells were determined (n=6) and the proportion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells was determined (n=6). The data are presented as the mean ± SD. (C) RT-PCR analysis of AhR mRNA, CYP1A1 mRNA, ROR?t mRNA, and Foxp3 mRNA (n=6). The data are presented as the mean ± SD. *, P<0.05; **, P<0.01 versus control group; #, P<0.05 ##, P<0.01 versus CIA group; ns, P>0.05. IPA, indole-3-pyruvic acid; CIA, collagen-induced arthritis; RT-PCR, real-time polymerase cahin reaction; AhR, aryl hydrocarbon receptor; mRNA, messenger RNA; SD, standard deviation.
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