Fig 2: The ameliorative activity of OVA on collagen deposition and inflammation in BLM-induced pulmonary fibrotic mice. (A) Pulmonary HYP. (B) Pulmonary MPO. (C) Myofibroblast-associated and ECM proteins in the lung. The COL1A1, ?-SMA, and fibronectin levels in the lung homogenate were determined by western blot analysis. Fold changes relative to the vehicle control group are shown. (D) Pulmonary TNF-?, IL-1ß, IL-6 and TGF-ß1. Levels of TNF-?, IL-1ß, IL-6 and TGF-ß1 were determined in the lung tissue by IHC staining. Fold changes relative to the vehicle control group are shown. The scale bar is 100 µm at 200 × magnification. (E) Serum TNF-?. (F) Serum IL-1ß. (G) Serum IL-6. (H) Serum TGF-ß. Levels were quantified using the corresponding assay kits. Data (n = 6) are shown as the mean ± SEM. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test was performed to determine the statistical difference between each group with every other group, where groups with different letters are of statistical significance (p < 0.05) and those with the same letters are of statistical insignificance (p = 0.05).

Fig 3: Mean intensity of VEGF-A (A), VEGF-B (B), VEGF-C (C), HSP90a (D), TNF (E), IL-1ß (F), IL-6 (G) relative to that of albumin in skin blotting. The data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. N = 5 for each group. Significant differences (P < 0.05; Bonferroni's multiple comparison test) are indicated as asterisk, dagger, and double dagger (*Transient redness model versus persistent and blanchable redness (PBR) model; †Transient redness model versus non-blanchable redness model; ‡Persistent and blanchable redness model versus non-blanchable redness model). The mean signal intensities of VEGF-B, VEGF-C, TNF, and IL-6 did not differ significantly between the three models. NBR, nonblanchable redness; PBR, persistent and blanchable redness; TR, transient redness.