Anti-tRNA mitochondrial 2-thiouridylase antibodies are used for the immunodetection of the protein encoded by the TRMU gene. In humans, the canonical protein has a reported length of 421 amino acid residues and a mass of 47.7 kDa. Its subcellular localization is in the mitochondria. Alternative splicing is reported to yield 5 different isoforms for this protein. It is ubiquitously expressed across many tissue types. A member of the MnmA/TRMU protein family, it is known to catalyze the 2-thiolation of uridine at the wobble position (U34) of mitochondrial tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln). The gene encoding this protein is implicated in Deafness. Other names for this target antigen include MTO2 homolog, lung cancer associated lncRNA 3, mitochondrial 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridylate-methyltransferase, and mitochondrial tRNA-specific 2-thiouridylase 1. Gene orthologs have been identified in the mouse, rat, bovine, frog, zebrafish, chimpanzee and chicken species.