Fig 2: Differential impacts of TNFis on the expression of Th cytokines. A–E PBMCs from healthy donors were stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 for 24 h in the absence or presence of indicated drugs at indicated concentration. In A, 1X equals 25 µg/ml for ada, 10 µg/ml for eta, 10 µg/ml for cert, and 20 µg/ml for toc. 5X was used for all drugs in B–E. The transcript levels of the indicated genes in the PBMCs were measured with qPCR (A–C, E), and the protein levels of IL17F and IL17A in the supernatant were quantified with ELISA (D). The levels of anti-CD3-stimulated samples were arbitrarily set as 1. In D, the level of 1 ranges from 26 to 137 pg/ml for IL-17F and 66-343 pg/ml for IL-17A. F. Human synovial fibroblasts were stimulated with TNFa (10 ng/ml) for 6 h in the presence or absence of the indicated TNFis at 5X concentration. The transcript level of IL-6 was measured with qPCR (N = 3)

Fig 3: Tregs from patients with IHF present compromised suppressive function. CD4+CD25+ Tregs and CFSE-labelled CD4+CD25- T (Tresp) cells were co-cultured at different ratio of 1:1, 1:2, 1:4 and 1:8 for proliferation and suppression assay. Then, four days later, supernatants from the co-cultured T cells at a 1:1 ratio were assayed for IFN-? and IL-17 by ELISA. (A) Co-cultured with Tresp cells from controls, Tregs from patients with IHF showed reduced suppressive function compared with controls. (B) Co-cultured with Tresp cells from patients with IHF, Tregs from patients with IHF showed reduced suppressive function compared with controls. Tregs from patients with IHF were less effective in suppressing (C) IFN-? and (D) IL-17 secretion compared with controls. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001. Tregs, regulatory T Cells; IHF, ischemic heart failure; Tresp, responder T cells.

Fig 4: The mRNA expression of IL-6 (a), IFN-? (b), IL-17 (c), IL-2 (d), TNF-a (e), IL-10 (f), and GM-CSF (g) in double knockdown (KD) anti-CD19 CAR-T cells decreased significantly, as detected by Q-PCR. **P < .01,***P < .001, mean ± SEM.