Fig 2: Inhibition of PI3K/AKT pathway suppressed the function of TRIM14 in AML. A–B The expression of TRIM14, cleaved caspase-3, AKT and p-AKT in AML cells after transfecting with TRIM14 siRNAs (A) or overexpressed plasmid (B). C The proliferation of HL-60 with the application of oeTRIM14 and LY294002. D The expression of AKT and p-AKT in HL-60 cells with the application of oeTRIM14 and LY294002. * p < 0.05 vs oeNC + DMSO, *** p < 0.001 vs oeNC + DMSO; !!*p < 0.05 vs oeTRIM14 + DMSO; !!!***p < 0.001 vs oeTRIM14 + DMSO

Fig 3: Overexpression of TRIM14 suppressed the function of miR-23a-5p in AML cells. A Flow cytometry detected the apoptosis of THP-1 cells after transfecting with TRIM14 overexpressed plasmid and control plasmid in the presence of miR-23a-5p mimic. B The expression of TRIM14, cleaved caspase-3, AKT and p-AKT after transfecting with TRIM14 overexpressed plasmid and control plasmid in the presence of miR-23a-5p mimic. *** p < 0.001; !!!*** p < 0.001 vs oeNC + Mimic

Fig 4: Analysis and verification of ELFN1-AS1’s downstream targets in colon cancer cells. (A) miRNAs with potential binding sites to ELFN1-AS1 were predicted in Diana tools (https://diana.e-ce.uth.gr/lncbasev3/interactions). (B) Six miRNAs (miR-33a-5p, miR-151b, miR-16b-5p, miR-191-5p, miR-877-5p, and miR-28-5p) were detected in ELFN1-AS1 knockdown cells using qRT-PCR. (C) Interaction between miR-191-5p and ELFN1-AS1 was detected using luciferase reporter assay. (D) Potential downstream targets of miR-191-5p were also analyzed in Diana tools. (E) Five genes (FOXK1, TRIM14, SMC1A, RCC2, and GBP1) were verified in HT29 cells transfected with miR-191-5p mimics. (F) Interaction between miR-191-5p and TRIM14 was detected using luciferase reporter assay. (G) mRNA level of TRIM14 was detected in 32 pairs of clinical tissues of colon cancer using RT-PCR. A paired t-test was used for data analysis. (H) and (I) Protein level of TRIM14 was detected using western blot after the transfection of si-ELFN1-AS1. (J) and (K) Protein level of TRIM14 in miR-191-5p knockdown cells was detected using western blot. (L) and (M) Expression level of TRIM14 in ELFN1-AS1 and miR-191-5p knockdown cells was detected using western blot. A t-test was used for comparison between the two groups, and one-way ANOVA was used for the comparison between the multiple groups with Bonferroni as a post hoc test. All data were representative of three independent experiments. **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001.

Fig 5: HMSC-exos suppressed the proliferation of AML cells. A The uptake of HMSC-exos labeled with PKH-67 by human THP-1 cells was detected using immunofluorescence. B The proliferation of THP-1 cells co-cultured with HMSC-exos. C The protein level of TRIM14 in THP-1 cells after co-cultured with HMSC-exos. D Overexpression of TRIM14 suppressed the apoptosis of THP-1 cells after co-cultured with HMSC-exos. E The expression of TRIM14, cleaved caspase-3, AKT and p-AKT in the presence of oeTRIM14 and HMSC-exos. * p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001; !!!*** p < 0.001 vs oeNC