Fig 2: Expression of IL-21 in involved tissues of patients with IgG4-RD. (A) Representative micrographs stained for IL-21 of pancreas (left), orbital soft tissue (middle), and lymph node (right) with IgG4-RD (scale bar, 100 µm; magnification, ×100). (B) Representative micrographs were from the orbital soft tissue in IgG4-ROD patients. Immunofluorescent double staining of IL-21-positive cells (red) and CXCR5+ cells (green), cells in yellow indicate the coexpression of IL-21 and CXCR5 (scale bars, 50 µm; magnification, ×200). (C) Total IHC scores for IL-21 for patients with IgG4-RD. *P<0.05. (D) Correlation between IgG4 production and IL-21 IHC scores in orbital specimens from IgG4-ROD as determined by Spearman's rank test. IgG4-RD, immunoglobulin G4-related disease; IgG4-ROD, immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease; type 1 AIP, type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis; IgG4-RL, immunoglobulin G4-related lymphadenopathy; CXCR5, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5; IL-21, interleukin 2; IHC, immunohistochemistry.

Fig 3: CXCR5 mediates the VCAM-1 expression and cell migration in response to CXCL13 incubation. A, The CL1-0 lung cancer cells were transfected with CXCR5 siRNA for 24 h, and the knockdown efficiency of CXCR5 was confirmed by Western blot. B and C, The CL1-0 lung cancer cells transfected with CXCR5 siRNA were further performed with cell migration assay B, in the presence of CXCL13 (30 ng/mL) for 24 h, as well as qPCR C, to detect VCAM-1 expression. D and E, The CL1-0 lung cancer cells were pre-incubated with CXCR5 neutralized antibody (0.5 and 1 µg/mL) for 1 h and then performed with cell migration assay D, and qPCR E, in the presence of CXCL13 (30 ng/mL) for 24 h to evaluate cell migratory ability and VCAM-1 expression, respectively. Results are expressed as the mean ± SD of triplicate samples. *P < .05 compared to the control group. #P < .05 compared to the CXCL13-treated group

Fig 4: CD4+CXCR5+ cells in involved tissues of patients with IgG4-RD. Sections were stained for CD4 (red), CXCR5 (green), cells in yellow indicate the coexpression of CD4 and CXCR5. Upper row, lacrimal gland; middle row, pancreas; lower row, pancreas. Scale bars, 20 µm; magnification, ×400. IgG4-RD, immunoglobulin G4-related disease; CD4, cluster of differentiation 4; CXCR5, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5.

Fig 5: Tumour versus normal expression difference of CXCL13 and CXCR5 in LUAD and LUSC. A and B, Expression patterns of CXCL13 and CXCR5 in all lung cancer tissues containing LUAD and LUSC were analysed by using LCE tool and showed by forest plot. SMD: standardized mean difference