Description
Product Characteristics: CD4 is a single chain transmembrane glycoprotein of immunoglobulin supergene family. In its extracellular region there are 4 immunoglobulin-like domains (1 Ig-like V-type and 3 Ig-like C2-type). The intracellular region of CD4 associates with p56Lck, a Src-like protein tyrosine kinase. It was described that CD4 segregates into specific detergent-resistant T-cell membrane microdomains. CD4 binds to MHC class II molecules (by CDR2-like region in CD4 domain 1), HIV envelope protein gp120 (by CDR2-like region in CD4 domain 1) and other ligands, such as IL-16 (by to CD4 domain 3) or L-selectin. CD4 is a co-receptor involved in immune response (co-receptor activity in binding to MHC class II molecules) and HIV infection. CD4 regulates T-cell activation, T/B-cell adhesion, T-cell differenciation, T-cell selection and signal transduction. Defects in antigen presentation (MHC class II) cause dysfunction of CD4+ T-cells and their almost complete absence in patients blood, tissue and organs (SCID immunodeficiency).
Target Information: This gene encodes a membrane glycoprotein of T lymphocytes that interacts with major histocompatibility complex class II antigenes and is also a receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus. This gene is expressed not only in T lymphocytes, but also in B cells, macrophages, and granulocytes. It is also expressed in specific regions of the brain. The protein functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation, and may function as an important mediator of indirect neuronal damage in infectious and immune-mediated diseases of the central nervous system. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified in this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010]