Description
Product Characteristics: Variant histones H2A are synthesized throughout the cell cycle and are very different from classical S-phase regulated H2A. H2AvD is vital for viability, but the exact function of variant histones H2A is not known. H2A is a core component of the nucleosome, an octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. The octamer wraps approximately 146 bp of DNA. HsAvD is expressed both maternally and zygotically and is found in embryos through to adults (female only). The human homologue, H2AX, is phosphorylated by ATM protein kinase when double strand DNA breaks occur. In mouse, H2AX ''knock out'' mice have an increased incidence of cancer.
Synonyms: H2AvD protein antibody
Target Information: Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. Acts as a Polycomb group (PcG) protein required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes of the animal throughout development. Required for histone H3 'Lys-9' methylation and histone H4 'Lys-12' acetylation, two modifications that are essential for heterochromatin formation. Also involved in DNA double strand break (DSB) repair. Essential for early development