Fig 2: Virus-Specific T Cells Accumulate in WATVirus-specific T cells in adipose tissue and spleen were quantified at multiple times after acute infection by tetramer staining and ICCS.(A) Representative dot plots identify DbGP33+CD8+ T cells (left) and IAbGP67+CD4+ T cells (right) before infection and at days 8 and 70 post infection. The numbers indicate the frequency of the tetramer+ cells among all live cells in the spleen or among leukocytes isolated from the fat pads.(B) The number (mean ± SEM) of tetramer-positive T cells per spleen or fat pads at the indicated times post-infection. Data are drawn from two independent experiments with three to five mice per group.(C) Representative dot plots show GP33-specific CD8+ T cells or GP61-specific CD4+ T cells expression of IFNg after peptide stimulation. The analyses are from the indicated days after infection, with numbers indicating the percentage of IFNg+ cells among all cells.(D) The number (mean ± SEM) of IFNg+ epitopespecific T cells per tissue in spleen and fat pads as measured using ICCS assay at the indicated times post-infection. Data represent two experiments with five to nine mice per group.(E) T cell co-expression of IFNg with TNF or IFNg with IL-2 in the spleen or fat pads at day 8. CD8+ T cells were stimulated with GP33–41 peptide;CD4+ T cells were stimulated with GP61–80 peptide.See also Figure S1.

Fig 3: Immune Obese Mice Develop T Cell-Dependent Lethal Acute Pancreatitis upon Re-challengeCohorts of mice were fed lean or high-fat diet starting at 4–5 weeks of age until 13–15 weeks of age. Lean mice were <29 g (n = 10), and obese mice were >40 g (n = 13). Some of the mice were immunized with LCMV-Armstrong, and the rest were left LCMV naive. Sixty-five days later, the mice were challenged with LCMV-Clone13 (2 × 106 PFUs, i.p.) and analyzed 2 or 5 days later.(A) An illustration of the experimental approach.(B) Survival of naive (solid lines) and immune (dashed lines) mice after challenge, including mice requiring humane euthanasia. Among the re-challenged LCMV-immune mice, a Mantel-Cox log rank test revealed a significant difference (p = 0.0039) between the naive and obese mice. Data represent 7–16 mice/group.(C) Lipase activity in ascites (left) and serum (right) at 2 days post-challenge infection. Dots on figure represent individual mice (3–6 per group, two independent experiments).(D) Representative pancreas sections from the indicated four groups of mice at 2 days post-challenge infection. Sections were stained with H&E (upper two rows) or Von Kossa stain to reveal calcium deposition (dark gray, bottom row). The upper images show regions within the pancreas; the middle bottom images show the margin of the pancreas. Scale bar, 150 µm.(E) Concentrations of IL-6, IFNg, and TNF in blood. Symbols represent individual mice (3 or 4 per group, two independent experiments). Significance determined by unpaired Student’s t test: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001.