Fig 1: Effect of EMPA on mTOR and ULK1 expressions and beclin-1 content in the sciatic nerve in STZ-induced DPN in rats. Panels represent protein expression of (a) mTOR and (b) ULK1 (Ser317), (c) corresponding mTOR and ULK1 western blotting bands, and (d) beclin-1 content. Results are displayed as mean ± SD (n = 3-6). (*) vs CONT, (@) vs STZ, (#) vs EMPA; P < 0.05. Beclin-1: mammalian orthologue of yeast Atg6; CONT: control; DPN: diabetic peripheral neuropathy; DORS: dorsomorphin; EMPA: empagliflozin; mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin; STZ: streptozotocin; ULK1: Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1