 TUNEL Assay Kits
Oct 1 '07
TUNEL assay kits are used for the specific detection and quantification of apoptotic cells. They measure nuclear DNA fragmentation, an apoptosis marker, by catalytically incorporating at fluorescein-12- or biotinylated- dUTP 3´-OH ends. Incorporation at 3’-OH is done using the enzyme Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase (TdT), which forms a polymeric tail using the principle of the TUNEL (TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling) assay. Non-apoptotic cells do not incorporate Br-dUTP due to the lack of available 3’-OH sites. Following staining, the labeled DNA can be visualized directly by fluorescence microscopy or quantified by flow cytometry. There are many TUNEL assay kits available and some key factors should be considered when selecting one. The most crucial factor is the sensitivity of the kit for the type of assay and sample. The ligand type, such as Br-dUTP, fluorescein-dUTP, biotin-dUTP, or digoxigenin-dUTP also have different incorporation rates that result in different signal intensities and signal to noise ratios, and should be selected according to one’s sample specifications and needs. It is also very important to select a kit that offers versatility regarding the reaction volume and the number of sample to be assessed. Next, one must find out whether the kit includes positive and negative control cells. You’ll also want to check whether most of the reagents needed to complete the assay are provided; it is important to see whether the kit is provides a ready made propidium iodide/RNase A solution for counterstaining the total DNA or a cation that specifically enhances the labeling of apoptotic cells. One must also consider the amount of toxic waste as well as the overall toxicity of the kit elements. Additional factors to be considered are the number of steps, the ease of use, and the duration of the assay, especially for those labs that use a large number of samples.
Dr. Lorelei Silverman
Postdoc
University of Toronto
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| Company |
BioVision |
Calbiochem |
MBL International |
Molecular Probes (Invitrogen) |
Millipore Corporation |
| Item |
ApoDIRECT DNA Fragmentation Assay Kit |
Apo-Direct™ Kit |
ApoBrdU DNA Fragmentation Assay Kit |
APO-BrdU™ TUNEL Assay Kit with Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-BrdU |
TUNEL Apoptosis Detection Kit |
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| Description |
Internucleosomal DNA fragmentation is a hallmark of apoptosis in mammalian cells.
The TUNEL-based detection kit utilizes terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) to catalyze incorporation of fluorescein-12-dUTP at the free 3’-hydroxyl ends of the fragmented DNA...
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50 Tests. AVOID FREEZE/THAW CYCLES. A two color TUNEL (Terminal deoxynucleotide transferase dUTPNick End Labeling) assay for labeling DNA breaks and total cellular DNA to detect apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or laser scanning cytometry...
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The TUNEL-based assay kit provides complete components including positive and negative control cells for convenient detection of DNA fragmentation in cultured cells and tissue sections. The incorporation of BrdU in the procedure provides greater sensitivity than biotinylated or digoxigenylated methods...
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APO-BrdU™ TUNEL Assay Kit *with Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-BrdU* *60 assays* |
The TUNEL (Terminal deoxynucleotidyl Transferase Biotin-dUTP Nick End Labeling) method identifies
apoptotic cells in situ by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) to transfer biotin-dUTP to the free 3'-OH
of cleaved DNA...
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| Catalog Number |
K402-50 |
CBA041-1KIT |
JM-K401-60 |
A23210 |
17-141 |
| Size |
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1 kit |
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40 Aassays |
| Applications |
Flow Cytometry |
Flow cytometry |
fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry |
fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry |
fluorescence microscopy |
| Quantity |
50 assays |
50 Tests |
60 assays |
60 assays |
1 kit |
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| Kit Contents |
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A two color TUNEL (Terminal deoxynucleotide transferase dUTPNick End Labeling) assay for labeling DNA breaks and total cellular DNA to detect apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or laser scanning cytometry. This kit utilizes terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) to catalyze incorporation of fluorescein-dUTP at the free 3'-hydroxyl ends of the fragmented...
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| Method |
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Fluorescence |
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| Sample Type |
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Cells |
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| References |
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Lockshin, R.A., 2001. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2, 545.Li, X., eta al. 1995. Cytometry 20, 172.Goldman, A.S., 1983. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 174, 239. |
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| Assay Time |
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4-5 h |
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