Anti-uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase antibodies are used in the immunodetection of the protein encoded by the UROD gene. In humans, the canonical protein has a reported length of 367 amino acid residues and a mass of 40.8 kDa. Its subcellular localization is in the cytoplasm. A member of the Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase protein family, it is known to catalyze the sequential decarboxylation of the four acetate side chains of uroporphyrinogen to form coproporphyrinogen and participates in the fifth step in the heme biosynthetic pathway. Other names for this target antigen include UPD, uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase, and PCT.