Description
Product Characteristics:
Cystinosis is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting from defective lysosomal transport of cystine and present at birth as a failure to thrive, rickets and proximal renal tubular acidosis. The human CTNS gene on chromosome 17p13 encodes the protein Cystinosin, and mutations in CTNS are responsible for nephropathic cystinosis. The CTNS promoter contains an Sp1 binding element. Cystinosin is an integral membrane protein containing 7 transmembrane domains that functions as a H+-driven transporter responsible for cystine export from lysosomes. In humans, Cystinosin is expressed abundantly in pancreas, kidney (mature and fetal), and skeletal muscle. The mouse homolog to CTNS encodes a protein which is expressed in all tissues except skeletal muscle. In the cell, Cystinosin co-localizes with LAMP-2 to lysosomes. A C-terminal GYDQL sorting motif within Cystinosin is critical for lysosomal localization.
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm, Cell membrane
Synonyms: CTNS LSB, Cystinosin, cystinosis, nephropathic, PQLC4, CTNS_HUMAN.
Target Information: This gene encodes a seven-transmembrane domain protein that functions to transport cystine out of lysosomes. Its activity is driven by the H+ electrochemical gradient of the lysosomal membrane. Mutations in this gene cause cystinosis, a lysosomal storage disorder. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2009]