Description
Product Characteristics:
G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs) are a protein family of transmembrane receptors that transmit an extracellular signal (ligand binding) into an intracellular signal (G protein activation). GPR signaling is an evolutionarily ancient mechanism used by all eukaryotes to sense environmental stimuli and mediate cell-cell communication. All of the receptors have seven membrane-spanning domains and the extracellular parts of the receptor can be glycosylated. These extracellular loops also contain two highly conserved cysteine residues which create disulfide bonds to stabilize the receptor structure. GPR105, also designated P2Y14, is widely expressed throughout many brain regions where it localizes to glial cells, and specifically co-localizes with astrocytes. GPR105 is upregulated when a tissue is immunologically challenged with lipopolysaccharide, leading to the theory that GPR105 may play an important role in modulating peripheral and neuroimmune function.
Subcellular location: Cell membrane
Synonyms: A330108O13Rik, G protein coupled receptor for UDP-glucose, G protein-coupled receptor 105, G protein-coupled receptor VTR 15-20, G-protein coupled receptor 105, GPR105, KIAA0001, P2RY14, P2Y purinoceptor 14, P2Y14 receptor, P2Y14, P2Y14 receptor, P2Y14_HUMAN, Purinergic receptor P2Y G protein coupled 14, Similar to TYPE-1 Angiotensin II receptor, UDP-glucose receptor, GPCR GPR105.
Target Information: The product of this gene belongs to the family of G-protein coupled receptors, which contains several receptor subtypes with different pharmacological selectivity for various adenosine and uridine nucleotides. This receptor is a P2Y purinergic receptor for UDP-glucose and other UDP-sugars coupled to G-proteins. It has been implicated in extending the known immune system functions of P2Y receptors by participating in the regulation of the stem cell compartment, and it may also play a role in neuroimmune function. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]