Description
Product Characteristics:
Separase is a cysteine protease that is essential for mitotic progression by separating sister chromatids. Each cell must receive one chromatid of every chromosome, during mitosis. Cohesin plays an important role in cohering sister chromatids during the prophase through anaphase stages of mitosis, making certain that genomic information is replicated accurately. As the cellular division process continues, separase destroys cohesin by means of cleavage, allowing the chromatids to separate and divide with the cell. Separase activity is highly regulated. It not only cleaves cohesin at the onset of anaphase but also cleaves itself, promoting downregulation of separase after anaphase. Should a human cell become an aneuploid (one too many or too few chromatids), the embryo most likely will not survive. Should the embryo survive, it will most likely develop severe birth defects or later develop malignant cancers.
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm, Nucleus
Synonyms: Caspase like protein ESPL1, ESP 1, ESP1, ESP-1, ESPL 1, ESPL1, ESPL-1, Extra spindle poles like 1, Extra spindle poles like 1 protein, Separin, Similar to fission yeast cut1and gene, SSE, Separase, ESPL1_HUMAN.
Target Information: Stable cohesion between sister chromatids before anaphase and their timely separation during anaphase are critical for chromosome inheritance. In vertebrates, sister chromatid cohesion is released in 2 steps via distinct mechanisms. The first step involves phosphorylation of STAG1 (MIM 604358) or STAG2 (MIM 300826) in the cohesin complex. The second step involves cleavage of the cohesin subunit SCC1 (RAD21\, MIM 606462) by ESPL1, or separase, which initiates the final separation of sister chromatids (Sun et al., 2009 [PubMed 19345191]).[supplied by OMIM, Nov 2010]