Description
Product Characteristics:
SMAD2 or Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 is a polypeptide that, as its name describes, is a homolog of the Drosophila gene: "Mothers against decepentaplegic". It belongs to the SMAD family of proteins, which belong to the TGF-Beta superfamily of modulators. Like many other TGF-Beta family members SMAD2 is involved in cell signalling. SMAD2 modulates signals of activin and TGF-Beta's. It interacts with SMAD anchor for receptor activation (SARA). The binding of ligands causes the phosphorylation of the SMAD2 protein and the dissociation from SARA and the association with SMAD4. It is subsequently transferred to the nucleus where it forms complexes with other proteins and acts as a transcription factor. SMAD2 is a receptor regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) and is activated by bone morphogenetic protein type 1 receptor kinase. Smad2 (Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2, SMAD 2, Mothers against DPP homolog 2,)
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm, Nucleus
Synonyms: Smad2Ser465, p-Smad2Ser465, Smad2S465, Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2, SMAD 2, Mothers against DPP homolog 2, Smad2, hMAD 2, hSMAD2, JV18 1, JV18, JV181, MAD, MAD Related Protein 2, MADH2, MADR2, MGC22139, MGC34440, Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 2, mothers against DPP homolog 2, SMAD 2, SMAD, SMAD2, SMAD2_HUMAN.
Target Information: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the SMAD, a family of proteins similar to the gene products of the Drosophila gene 'mothers against decapentaplegic' (Mad) and the C. elegans gene Sma. SMAD proteins are signal transducers and transcriptional modulators that mediate multiple signaling pathways. This protein mediates the signal of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, and thus regulates multiple cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. This protein is recruited to the TGF-beta receptors through its interaction with the SMAD anchor for receptor activation (SARA) protein. In response to TGF-beta signal, this protein is phosphorylated by the TGF-beta receptors. The phosphorylation induces the dissociation of this protein with SARA and the association with the family member SMAD4. The association with SMAD4 is important for the translocation of this protein into the nucleus, where it binds to target promoters and forms a transcription repressor complex with other cofactors. This protein can also be phosphorylated by activin type 1 receptor kinase, and mediates the signal from the activin. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]