Fig 1: The H4000-CD25/dCas9 delivery system promotes nerve regeneration and matrix remodeling of sdTEVGs in rats. (a) From top to bottom: the engineered blood vessels were used to replace the left common carotid artery of rats; 30 days after transplantation, the frozen sections of sdTEVGs were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E); ultrasonic Doppler examination of left sdTEVGs in rats; 90 days after transplantation, computed tomography angiography (CTA) was performed in the rat neck. Arrows pointed to sdTEVGs. (b) Thirty days after transplantation, the blood flow velocity in sdTEVGs in rats was statistically analyzed. n = 5, one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. (c) On day 30 of transplantation, ELISA tested the IL-6 contents of sdTEVGs in three groups at various time points. n = 5, two- way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. (d) Nerve immunofluorescence staining of frozen sections of sdTEVGs on day 30 after transplantation, green: PGP9.5, red: TUBB3. (e) On day 30, after the virus tracer was injected into the stellate ganglion of rats, the stellate ganglion (upper) and the adventitia nerve of the sdTEVGs expressed green fluorescent protein (below). n = 5, one- way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. (f) Statistics of nerve coverage on sdTEVGs adventitia. n = 5, one- way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. (g, h) Hydroxyproline (Hyp) kits and DA ELISA kits tested the collagen and dopamine content of sdTEVGs. n = 5, one- way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. (i) Thirty days after transplantation, whole vascular adventitia was performed with nerve immunofluorescence staining and subsequent three-dimensional reconstruction, green: PGP9.5, red: TUBB3. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, n.s.: no significance. Data are presented as means ± SD.